Risk Groups Who should be Taken Calcium Regularly:
Patients with Osteoporosis: Osteoporosis (porous and fragile bones) is most associated with fractures of the hip, vertebrae, wrist, pelvis, ribs, and other bones1. When calcium intake is low, bone breakdown occurs as the body uses its stored calcium to maintain normal biological functions.
Patients with Arthitis: Arthritis is an inflammation of the joints due to breakdown of cartilage tissue. The most common types of arthritis are osteoarthritis and rheumatoid arthritis. Calcium is the most important ingredient for bone and joint formation. Deficiency in Calcium intake can lead to rheumatoid arthritis or osteoarthritis.
Lactose Intolerance or Cow’s Milk Allergy: Lactose-intolerant individuals are at risk of calcium inadequacy if they avoid dairy products 2, 3, 4. To ensure adequate calcium intakes, lactose-intolerant individuals and those with cow’s milk allergy can choose calcium supplements.
Postmenopausal Women: Menopause leads to bone loss (3%–5% per year) because decreases in estrogen production both increase bone resorption and decrease calcium absorption 5,6,7 .
Amenorrheic Women and The Female Athlete Triad: Amenorrhea (menstrual periods stop or fail to initiate) has decreased calcium absorption and higher urinary calcium excretion rates, as well as a lower rate of bone formation than healthy women8.
Hypoparathyroidism Condition: Parathyroid hormone (PTH) is key for regulating and maintaining a balance of two minerals (calcium and phosphorus) in the body that is needed for healthy bone. The low production of PTH in hypoparathyroidism leads to abnormally low calcium levels and to an increase of phosphorus in blood. Calcium supplements help to normalize this condition in the body.
Preeclampsia: Preeclampsia is a serious medical condition in which a pregnant woman develops hypertension and proteinuria, usually after 20 weeks’ gestation 9. Studies suggest that calcium supplementation during pregnancy reduces the risk of preeclampsia.
In Diabetic Patients: Insulin resistance and secretion depend on calcium homeostasis. In diabetes mellitus, the levels of blood sugar or glucose is high that is efficiently taken up by beta-cells. Within the cells, glucose initiates a chain of molecular events that lead to calcium channel opening, allowing more calcium ions to flow into the beta-cells. Calcium ions stimulate insulin release into the blood that controls the higher blood sugar concentration in the body.
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